As mentioned earlier, artificial intelligence, high-level autonomous driving, commercial aerospace and other fields are moving from proof-of-concept to large-scale applications, reshaping the industrial structure and economic form. At the same time, emerging directions such as humanoid robots and new energy storage have also accelerated their breakthroughs in core technology bottlenecks, gradually releasing huge commercial potential and strategic value. This article mainly introduces the market situation of humanoid robots and new energy storage tracks.
Sector 4: Humanoid Robots / Embodied Intelligence
In the field of humanoid robots, a new round of technology race is being set off around the world. Tesla Optimus has been able to complete relatively complex tasks such as upright walking, bouncing, environmental awareness and basic grasping, and can handle relatively complex tasks such as sorting items with both hands, making it suitable for guided reception or search and rescue in special environments. Figure AI's Figure 02 features more than 20 hours of continuous operation, combined with a compact form factor and high-precision operation, and has been tested in industrial scenarios such as automotive assembly. Boston Dynamics' Atlas is known for its extreme sports, running and jumping, somersaults and carrying thrown cargo over rough terrain for outdoor rescues and demonstrations. Chinese companies are also active: UBTECH's Walker series has self-balancing, U-SLAM obstacle avoidance, face/scene recognition and multi-modal interaction, which can take into account both home and service applications; Xiaomi CyberOne emphasizes emotion recognition and human-computer interaction, and is oriented to home services and commercial displays. Iron Man Technology's ART series, which focuses on voice interaction, bionic gait and multi-machine collaboration, has been implemented in scientific research, robotic athletes and space exploration.
In terms of domestic industrial distribution, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei relies on the advantages of talents and information technology, focusing on high-end industries and special robots, and the three places form dislocation and complementarity; With the help of the agglomeration effect of leading enterprises and universities, the Yangtze River Delta has built a complete ecology covering R&D and application in Shanghai, Kunshan, Wuxi and other places, and the regional production capacity accounts for more than half of the country; With the foundation of the manufacturing industry, the Pearl River Delta has opened up the whole chain from key components to the whole machine, and continues to make breakthroughs in high-end manufacturing and commercial service robots.
Figure: Humanoid robots have huge commercial potential
Sector 5: New energy storage (solid-state batteries, etc.)
The world's new energy storage is in a pattern of "lithium battery dominance and technology diversification". The U.S. leads the way in flywheels, compressed air and hydrogen energy storage; With its advantages in membrane materials and catalysts, Japan is also competitive in flywheels, compressed air and flow batteries; China, on the other hand, is at the forefront of the world in the field of lithium batteries and flow batteries, and its market scale is expanding rapidly. By the end of 2023, the cumulative installed capacity of new energy storage in the world will reach 91.3 GW, nearly doubling year-on-year, with lithium-ion batteries dominating. By the end of 2024, China's installed capacity of new energy storage surpassed pumped storage for the first time, reaching 78.3 GW, with a year-on-year increase of 126.5% in power and 147.5% in terms of energy scale.
At present, lithium-ion batteries have become the absolute mainstream with a share of 55.2%, but the trend of multi-technology parallel development is becoming more and more obvious: the landing cost of all-vanadium flow batteries and compressed air energy storage still has about 30% room to decline; Long-term and large-capacity solutions such as sodium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and lead-carbon batteries are also accelerating breakthroughs and entering demonstration applications. With the downward exploration of various technology cost curves and the increase of policy support, new energy storage will play an increasingly critical role in ensuring the security of the power grid and supporting the high proportion of renewable energy access.
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