Reading guide: Overseas (especially in Africa, Southeast Asia, the Middle East) national power grid power is insufficient, incomplete coverage, high cost of pulling the network, etc., is rapidly giving rise to a huge overseas optical storage and charging microgrid market. According to authoritative statistics released by QYResearch, the global optical storage and charging market demand is showing a rapid growth trend, and the global market size of integrated optical storage and charging solutions has reached about 6.510 billion yuan in 2023, and is expected to surge to 33.117 billion yuan by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 26.2% during the period. ZERO POWER INTELLIGENCE GROUP predicts that the global market size of optical storage and charging integration will exceed 1.2 trillion yuan in 2030, and the Chinese market will account for more than 40%.
ⅠRapid growth of the global optical storage and charging market: China is still the biggest engine
At present, driven by the transformation of the global energy structure and the "dual carbon" goal, intelligent optical storage and charging microgrids, as the core carrier of distributed energy, are reshaping the global power industry pattern with an average annual growth rate of 25%. China's "14th Five-Year Plan" clearly requires that the installed capacity of new energy storage should reach more than 30GW by 2025, which directly and effectively promotes the implementation of photovoltaic storage and charging microgrid projects.
As one of the world's largest energy consumers and new energy markets, China's photovoltaic storage and charging station market accounts for more than 50% of the global market share, and will continue to maintain rapid growth in the future. In addition to China, Japan, South Korea, India, and Southeast Asia are also in high demand for integrated energy solutions for photovoltaic storage and charging, and the market growth potential is huge.
ⅡOverseas market opportunity map: Asia, North America, and Europe have their own focus
The market share of photovoltaic storage and charging stations in North America is about 20%, and with the continuous breakthrough of lithium battery technology and the continuous reduction of costs, North America is expected to become one of the major markets for integrated energy solutions for optical storage and charging.
In order to ensure industrial electricity, European governments are expected to encourage household users, villa users and small entrepreneurs to actively adopt photovoltaic storage and charging microgrids for self-sufficiency, so as to reduce the pressure on power supply on national power grids.
Ⅲ Industries and parks have become the main application scenarios, and the installed capacity may exceed 50GW in 2025
Factories, farms, orchards, and industrial parks will be the main application scenarios for optical storage and charging microgrids. The cost of energy consumption in factories is high, and there is a high demand for photovoltaic energy storage and consumption, energy saving and cost reduction; The roof of the industrial park is rich in resources, with high charging demand, high energy consumption, and strong demand for green carbon reduction. At present, more than 80% of China's provincial-level industrial parks are already planning to build independent photovoltaic storage and charging microgrids, and the installed capacity is expected to exceed 50GW by 2025.
Ⅳ The rapid expansion of "photovoltaic + energy storage + charging piles" and the acceleration of new energy vehicles
The microgrid mix of "photovoltaic power generation + energy storage + charging pile" is growing rapidly at a CAGR of 70%. With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle and electric motorcycle industry, the choice of high-power DC supercharging for charging stations will bring greater peak power impact, and "distributed photovoltaic + distribution and storage peak shaving" will become the standard configuration of charging stations.
Ⅴ Detailed explanation of the input cost of optical storage and charging microgrid: how much does a system cost?
From the perspective of input construction costs, photovoltaic systems mainly include photovoltaic modules, inverters, brackets, etc. Taking a 500kW PV project as an example, the cost of PV modules is about 415,000 yuan, the cost of inverters is 75,000 yuan, and the cost of brackets is 75,000 yuan. The energy storage system includes energy storage battery, energy storage converter PCS, battery management system (BMS), energy management system (EMS), temperature control system, etc. For example, the 500kW/1MWh energy storage system costs about 970,000 yuan. The cost of charging piles varies depending on the power and type, and the cost of 10 sets of 120KW DC charging piles is about 300,000 yuan.
Other equipment input includes: combiner box, distribution cabinet, cable, junction box and other electrical equipment, as well as transformer, power distribution room, etc. The cost of 1MW other electrical equipment is 500,000 yuan, the price of 800KVA transformer is 100,000 yuan, and the construction of power distribution room is calculated at 100,000 yuan. Design, construction and other expenses: the design, construction and installation costs are about 500,000 yuan, as well as miscellaneous expenses such as monitoring, automatic identification of site vehicle gates of 50,000 yuan, and miscellaneous expenses such as insurance and intermediary grid connection of 300,000 yuan.
O&M costs include: equipment maintenance, overhaul, replacement of parts, personnel salaries, etc. Generally, the operation and maintenance expenses of optical storage and charging stations account for about 2% of the total cost, such as the annual operation and maintenance expenses of about 80,000 yuan in the above case.
Ⅵ Diversified income model: electricity savings, peak-to-valley arbitrage and green certificate trading work together
In terms of output,
1. It can save electricity costs: photovoltaic power generation gives priority to meeting its own electricity demand, reducing the purchase of electricity from the grid and reducing electricity costs. For example, in China's Inner Mongolia and other high-quality solar resource areas, the cost per kilowatt-hour of photovoltaic power has dropped to less than 0.3 yuan/kWh, which is lower than the cost of thermal power.
2. Surplus electricity can be sold to the grid to obtain feed-in tariff income.
3. Energy storage arbitrage: The energy storage system is charged at night or during the trough hours, and discharged during the day or peak hours, making a profit by taking advantage of the peak-to-valley electricity price difference. For example, a battery factory used energy storage peak and valley arbitrage, and the monthly electricity bill dropped by 38%. In addition, the energy storage system can also participate in the ancillary service market of the power grid, such as frequency regulation, peak regulation, etc., to obtain service fees.
4. Charging and swapping service revenue: Provide charging and swapping services for electric vehicles, and charge charging and swapping fees. With the increase in the number of new energy vehicles, the demand for charging and swapping services continues to grow, bringing stable income. For example, if the utilization rate of electric vehicle charging stations is 30%, the average daily charging capacity is 500 kWh, and the charging electricity price is 1.2 yuan/kWh, the annual charging income can reach 219,000 yuan.
In addition to the above 4 main sources of income, there are 3 other additional incomes. First, the income from green certificate trading: power generation enterprises can obtain additional income through green certificate trading, and power consumption enterprises can purchase green certificates to achieve green electricity consumption. At present, the price of green certificates is about 1-7 yuan per certificate, and each green certificate corresponds to 1 MWh of renewable energy power generation. Second, carbon emission reduction benefits: carbon emission reduction benefits can be obtained by reducing carbon emissions. For example, new energy heavy trucks reduce emissions by about 80kg CO₂ per 100 kilometers, and the annual emission reduction income of a single vehicle exceeds 2,000 yuan according to the current carbon price (calculated according to the current carbon price (about 50 yuan/ton)). Third, V2G (Vehicle to Grid) technology benefits: Through V2G technology, idle vehicle batteries can be reverse-discharged to participate in grid regulation and obtain additional benefits.
Ⅶ. The home version of the optical storage solution was unveiled: a 103-kilowatt-hour power system can be deployed for $30,000
However, for small application scenarios such as villas, hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, small factories, schools, charging stations, hospitals, orchards, farms and pastures, communication base stations, mines, island off-grid, power-deficient villages, oil fields, emergency rescue and other small application scenarios, the 50KW optical storage all-in-one solution is enough.
Figure: Ener Hexon Smart 103P, a 50KW optical storage all-in-one machine developed by Shenzhen Yongtai Digital Energy
The Ener Hexon Smart 103P optical storage all-in-one machine adopts an All-in-One design, which is mainly composed of 9 air-cooled battery packs, 1 50KW hybrid inverter, 1 BMS system, 1 EMS system, 1 intelligent temperature control system, 1 fire protection system with precise suppression and explosion venting, and electrical auxiliary equipment for the cabinet structure, with a rated battery capacity of 103kWh.
Covering an area of only 1.42 square meters, the Ener Hexon Smart 103P optical storage all-in-one machine can be modularized and quickly deployed, supports cloud intelligent operation and maintenance, AI remote monitoring and early warning, and supports hand-in-hand parallel expansion, and the rated power can be easily extended to 300KW with 6 cabinets connected in parallel.
Yin Jianghong, general manager of Yongtai Digital Energy Photovoltaic Storage and Charging Division, said: "Including the smart energy integrated management system, the actual equipment cost of this complete set of 103 kWh power solution is only about 30,000 US dollars, and once the deployment and installation is completed, the cost can be quickly recovered and profitable."
Ⅷ. The return of the small optical storage system is fast, and the future is promising
All in all, the investment in small optical storage and charging microgrids is not large, and with the development of lithium battery technology and the reduction of costs, as well as the diversification of output benefits, its economic and environmental benefits are gradually emerging, and the payback period will be significantly shortened. Of course, the actual input-output situation will be affected by a variety of factors, including geographical location, lighting conditions, electricity price policy, equipment efficiency, market demand, etc., which need to be analyzed and evaluated in detail according to the specific project.
